Pre-Calculus - 2004

Strand Analysis

 

Unit: Algebraic Concepts

Mathematics

 

Binomial Expansion

Binomial Theorem identify and apply the binomial theorem.

Pre-Calculus Binomial Expansion: Finding Terms find an nth term within a binomial expansion.

 

Exponents

Exponential Equations solve equations involving exponents.

Pre-Calculus Logarithms/Exponents: Simplifying use relationships between logarithms and exponents to simplify expressions.

 

Factoring

Remainder/Factor Theorems apply the remainder and factor theorems.

 

Formulas

Fundamental Theorem of Algebra identify and use the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra.

 

Logarithms

Logarithms: Simplifying use logarithmic properties to simplify expressions.

Pre-Calculus Logarithmic Equations solve equations involving logarithms.

 

Quadratic Equations/Formula

Quadratic Equation: Standard Form state a quadratic equation in standard form.

 

Systems of Equations

Systems of Equations: Determinants solve systems of equations by applying determinants.

 

Strand Analysis

Unit: Calculus and Pre-Calculus

Mathematics

Pre-Calculus - 2004

 

Complex Numbers

Complex Numbers: Polar Form write complex numbers in polar form.

Pre-Calculus Complex Numbers in Trigonometric Form show complex numbers in trigonometric form.

Pre-Calculus Complex Numbers: DeMoivre's Theorem determine powers and roots of complex numbers by using DeMoivre's theorem.

Pre-Calculus Complex Numbers: Degenerate/Imaginary identify degenerate and imaginary cases.

 

Conic Sections

Conic Section: Determining Equation find the equation of a locus given the description.

Pre-Calculus Conic Sections: Using Discriminant distinguish conics by using the discriminant.

 

Curve Sketching

Curves: Equations of Tangents/Slopes find the equation of tangents to the graphs of curves using the slope formula.

 

Derivatives/Antiderivatives

Derivatives: Derived Function find a derived function given the definition.

 

Limits

Limits: Neighborhoods of Domain/Range find a neighborhood of the range for the neighborhood of a given domain.

 

Matrices

Matrices: Invert a Square Matrix invert a square matrix.

 

Parametric Equations

Parametric Equations: Cartesian Forms identify and apply parametric forms of functions and convert between their parametric and Cartesian form.

Pre-Calculus Parametric Equations: Graph sketch the graph of a set of parametric equations.

 

Vectors

Vectors: Components resolve a given vector into its component vectors.

Pre-Calculus Vectors: Magnitude/Direction find the magnitude and direction of a given vector.

Pre-Calculus Vectors: Angle Between find the measure of an angle between two given vectors.

Pre-Calculus Vectors: Perpendicular/Parallel recognize both perpendicular and parallel vectors.

Pre-Calculus Vectors: Standard Position determine the equivalent vector in standard position to a given vector.

Pre-Calculus Vectors: Operations with Scalars perform basic operations (addition, subtraction, and multiplication) on a vector by a scalar.

Pre-Calculus Vectors: Dot Product determine the dot product of two vectors.

Pre-Calculus Vectors: Real World Problems solve real world problems using vectors.

 

Strand Analysis

Unit: Functions

Mathematics

Pre-Calculus - 2004

 

Circular Functions

Circular Functions: Rotation list the values of the 6 circular functions for a specific rotation.

Pre-Calculus Circular Functions: Properties graph a circular function and identify its amplitude, period, phase shift, and vertical shift.

Pre-Calculus Circular Functions: Graph/Equation identify the equation of any of the 6 circular functions given its graph.

Pre-Calculus Circular Functions: Model Real World see circular functions as models for periodic, real world functions.

 

Exponential Functions

Exponential Functions: Graph exponential functions.

Pre-Calculus Exponential Functions: Real World solve real world problems involving exponential functions.

 

Exponential/Logarithmic Functions

Exponential/Logarithmic: Domain/Range analyze exponential and logarithmic functions and compare their domains and ranges.

Pre-Calculus Exponential/Logarithmic: Relationships identify a logarithmic as the inverse of an exponential function.

 

Functions

Trigonometric/Circular: Domain/Range state the domain and range of a given function.

 

Functions/Relations

Functions: Intercepts find the intercepts of both polynomial and rational functions.

Pre-Calculus Functions: Properties find the following characteristics of a given function: continuous, bounded, monotonic, or symmetric with the x-axis or origin.

 

Graphing Functions

Graphing: Asymptotes/Discontinuity Point find both asymptotes and points of discontinuity.

Pre-Calculus Graphing: Continuous Points/Intervals find and graph functions which are continuous at a point and/or continuous over an interval.

 

Inverses

Inverses find the inverse of a given function and determine whether that is a function.

 

Limits

Limits: Using Theorems determine the limits of functions using limit theorems.

Pre-Calculus Limits: Determine Graph graph and determine limits, should they exist, of a function for which x increases without bound.

Pre-Calculus Limits: Point of Discontinuity determine the limit, should it exist, of a rational function at a point of discontinuity.

 

Logarithmic Functions

Logarithmic Functions: Real World solve real world problems involving logarithmic functions.

Pre-Calculus Logarithmic Functions: Base 10 and e evaluate a logarithmic function with base 10 and e and represent it on a graph.

 

Operations

Operations: Algebra/Compositions perform algebra and compositions on two given functions.

 

Polynomial Functions

Polynomial Functions: Evaluate/Graph graph and analyze the polynomial functions such as linear and quadratic.

Pre-Calculus Polynomial Functions: Roots find both real and complex roots of polynomial functions.

Pre-Calculus Polynomial Functions: Application solve real world problems using polynomial functions.

 

Problem Solving

Problem Solving: Functions/Inverses use the inverse of a trigonometric or circular function to solve a problem.

 

Trigonometric Functions

Trigonometric Functions/Polar/Complex see the relationship between trigonometric functions, polar coordinates, and complex numbers.

 

Trigonometric/Circular Functions

Trigonometric/Circular Functions: Graph and analyze the 6 circular and trigonometric functions.

Pre-Calculus Trigonometric/Circular Functions find similarities and differences between trigonometric and circular functions.

Pre-Calculus Trigonometric/Circular Functions: Inverse analyze and graph inverse of both circular and trigonometric functions.

 

Strand Analysis

Unit: Geometry

Mathematics

Pre-Calculus - 2004

 

Proofs

Proofs: Inequalities/Induction prove inequality formulas through the use of mathematical induction.

 

Symmetry

Symmetry: Axis of Symmetry analyze graphs and discuss an axis of symmetry.

 

Translations

Translation/Rotation: New Equations find new equations that result from a translation or rotation of axes.

 

Triangles

Triangles: Oblique solve a problem involving an oblique triangle.

Pre-Calculus Triangles: Estimate with Oblique/Right estimate the solution to a problem which involves oblique or right triangles.

 

Strand Analysis

Unit: Measurement

Mathematics

Pre-Calculus - 2004

 

Area of a Triangle

Area of a Triangle: Oblique compute the area of an oblique triangle.

 

Strand Analysis

Unit: Number Theory

Mathematics

Pre-Calculus - 2004

 

Exponential Notation

Exponential Notation: Simplify expressions, find the missing term in a simplified expression, simplify terms with zero and integer exponents, and evaluate a sample student's work for errors.

 

Strand Analysis

Unit: Numeration

Mathematics

Pre-Calculus - 2004

 

Sequences/Series

Series: Sigma Notation show a series in correct sigma notation.

Pre-Calculus Series: Arithmetic/Finding Sums determine the sum of an arithmetic series.

Pre-Calculus Sequence: Finding Terms find any term in a sequence given an expression or rule for the nth term.

Pre-Calculus Sequence: Finding Formula determine a formula for the nth term given any sequence.

Pre-Calculus Series: Finite/Infinite Geometric determine the sum of a finite and infinite geometric series should it exist.

Pre-Calculus Sequence/Series: Convergent/Divergent identify convergent and divergent sequences and series and their limits should they exist.

Pre-Calculus Sequence: Increasing/Decreasing find whether a given sequence is increasing or decreasing.

Pre-Calculus Sequence: Least/Greatest Upper Bound determine the least and greatest upper bounds of a sequence should they exist.

Pre-Calculus Series: Proving with Induction prove series formulas through the use of mathematical induction.

Pre-Calculus Series: Infinite/Natural Log express as an infinite series the number e and the expression e to the power x.

 

Strand Analysis

Unit: Real Numbers and the Coordinate Plane

Mathematics

Pre-Calculus - 2004

 

Graphing

Graphing: 2nd Degree Equations/Identify recognize the graph of a second degree equation.

 

Linear Equations

Equations of the Line find the slope or coordinate points, solve equations of the line, identify the equation of a line for a corresponding graph, and write an equation of a line when given coordinate points, the slope, and y-intercept.

 

Strand Analysis

Unit: Trigonometry

Mathematics

Pre-Calculus - 2004

 

Polar Forms/Equations/Graphs

Polar Form: Transfer from Cartesian transform points from Cartesian to polar coordinates.

Pre-Calculus Polar Form: Transfer to Cartesian transform points from polar to Cartesian coordinates.

Pre-Calculus Polar Coordinates: Graph graph different points in the polar coordinate system.

Pre-Calculus Polar Graphs: Symmetry/Shifts identify shifts in polar graphs when working with sine and cosine and discuss symmetry in polar graphs.

Pre-Calculus Polar Equations: Identify identify different polar equations such as conics, spirals, roses, cardioids, and limacons.

Pre-Calculus Polar Equations: Graph represent polar equations in graphical form.

 

Radians/Angles

Angle Measure: Converting convert between angle and radian measure.

 

Triangles

Triangles: Solving Right find the measure of each unknown side (to the nearest tenth or hundredth) or angle (to the nearest degree), solve real-world trigonometry problems, and include the angle of depression or elevation in calculations.

Pre-Calculus Triangles: SSA Case discern whether 0, 1, or 2 triangles exist, and what they are in an SSA (side, side, angle) case.

 

Trigonometric Equations

Trig. Equations: Solutions determine possible solutions for trigonometric equations.

Pre-Calculus Trig. Equations: Domain determine exact solutions for a trigonometric function given a particular domain.

 

Trigonometric Identities

Trig. Identities identify and use the trigonometric identities.

 

Trigonometric Ratios

Trig. Ratios: Angles list the values of the 6 trigonometric ratios for the acute angles in a specific right triangle.

Pre-Calculus Trig. Ratios: Problem Solving use the trigonometric ratios of angle measure to solve problems.

Pre-Calculus Trig. Ratios: Law of Sines/Cosines use the Law of Sines and Cosines to solve problems.